John the Baptist prepared the way in the wilderness. Jesus was baptized in the Jordan, tested in the desert, and returned to Galilee announcing that the time was fulfilled and the Kingdom of God had come near. He called fishermen to follow Him, and they did.
1In those days John the Baptist came preaching in the wilderness of Judea, 2“Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.” 3For this is he who was spoken of by the prophet Isaiah when he said,
“The voice of one crying in the wilderness:
‘Prepare the way of the Lord;
make his paths straight.’” 4Now John wore a garment of camel’s hair and a leather belt around his waist, and his food was locusts and wild honey. 5Then Jerusalem and all Judea and all the region about the Jordan were going out to him, 6and they were baptized by him in the river Jordan, confessing their sins. 7But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? 8Bear fruit in keeping with repentance. 9And do not presume to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father,’ for I tell you, God is able from these stones to raise up children for Abraham. 10Even now the axe is laid to the root of the trees. Every tree therefore that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. 11“I baptize you with water for repentance, but he who is coming after me is mightier than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. 12His winnowing fork is in his hand, and he will clear his threshing floor and gather his wheat into the barn, but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire.” 13Then Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan to John, to be baptized by him. 14John would have prevented him, saying, “I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me?” 15But Jesus answered him, “Let it be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then he consented. 16And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him; 17and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.” 1Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. 2And after fasting forty days and forty nights, he was hungry. 3And the tempter came and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread.” 4But he answered, “It is written,
“‘Man shall not live by bread alone,
but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’” 5Then the devil took him to the holy city and set him on the pinnacle of the temple 6and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written,
“‘He will command his angels concerning you,’
and
“‘On their hands they will bear you up,
lest you strike your foot against a stone.’” 7Jesus said to him, “Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’” 8Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory. 9And he said to him, “All these I will give you, if you will fall down and worship me.” 10Then Jesus said to him, “Be gone, Satan! For it is written,
“‘You shall worship the Lord your God
and him only shall you serve.’” 11Then the devil left him, and behold, angels came and were ministering to him. 12Now when he heard that John had been arrested, he withdrew into Galilee. 13And leaving Nazareth he went and lived in Capernaum by the sea, in the territory of Zebulun and Naphtali, 14so that what was spoken by the prophet Isaiah might be fulfilled: 15“The land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali,
the way of the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles— 16the people dwelling in darkness
have seen a great light,
and for those dwelling in the region and shadow of death,
on them a light has dawned.” 17From that time Jesus began to preach, saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.” 18While walking by the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon (who is called Peter) and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen. 19And he said to them, “Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men.” 20Immediately they left their nets and followed him. 21And going on from there he saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets, and he called them. 22Immediately they left the boat and their father and followed him. 23And he went throughout all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues and proclaiming the gospel of the kingdom and healing every disease and every affliction among the people. 24So his fame spread throughout all Syria, and they brought him all the sick, those afflicted with various diseases and pains, those oppressed by demons, those having seizures, and paralytics, and he healed them. 25And great crowds followed him from Galilee and the Decapolis, and from Jerusalem and Judea, and from beyond the Jordan. Israel had been waiting for centuries. Then a prophet appeared at the Jordan, dressed like Elijah, calling the nation to repent. Jesus came to him and was baptized, and the Gospels record the Spirit descending and the Father's voice.
After forty days of testing in the wilderness, Jesus began to preach. His message was short and enormous: the Kingdom of God is near. In Nazareth He read Isaiah's promise of good news to the poor and said it was fulfilled that day. Beside the Sea of Galilee He called Simon, Andrew, James, and John from their nets.
Events in this chapter
- Event
The ministry of John the Baptist
John came preaching in the wilderness of Judea, calling Israel to repent because the kingdom of heaven was near, and baptizing in the Jordan those who confessed their sins. He dressed like Elijah, warned the religious leaders, pointed to one greater than himself, and was later imprisoned by Herod Antipas for rebuking him.
Open record - Event
The baptism of Jesus
Jesus was baptized by John in the Jordan River. As He came up from the water the Spirit descended on Him like a dove and a voice from heaven declared Him the beloved Son. This marks the public beginning of His ministry.
Open record - Event
The temptation of Jesus
After His baptism the Spirit led Jesus into the wilderness, where He fasted forty days and was tempted by the devil to turn stones into bread, to throw Himself from the temple, and to gain the kingdoms of the world by worship. He answered each with words from Deuteronomy, and angels ministered to Him.
Open record - Event
Jesus announces the Kingdom
After John's arrest, Jesus returned to Galilee and began proclaiming that the time was fulfilled and the Kingdom of God had come near, calling people to repent and believe the good news. Luke records Him reading Isaiah in Nazareth and declaring it fulfilled.
Open record - Event
The calling of the first disciples
Beside the Sea of Galilee Jesus called two pairs of fishermen, Simon and Andrew, then James and John, to follow Him and become fishers of men, and they left their nets and their father's boat at once. John's Gospel records that Andrew and Simon had first met Jesus near the Jordan after John the Baptist pointed Him out.
Open record - Event
The wedding at Cana
At a wedding in Cana of Galilee the wine ran out, and at His mother's prompting Jesus had six stone jars filled with water and turned it into wine of the best quality. John calls this the first of His signs, by which He revealed His glory and His disciples believed in Him.
Open record - Event
Nicodemus comes to Jesus at night
Nicodemus, a Pharisee and member of the council, came to Jesus at night. Jesus told him that no one can see the kingdom of God without being born again, of water and the Spirit, compared His coming lifting up to Moses's bronze serpent, and spoke of God's love in giving His only Son so that whoever believes may have eternal life.
Open record - Event
The Samaritan woman at the well
At Jacob's well near Sychar Jesus asked a Samaritan woman for a drink and offered her living water. He told her about her life, spoke of worship in spirit and truth, and told her plainly that He is the Messiah. She brought her town to Him, and after two days many Samaritans confessed Him as the Savior of the world.
Open record - Event
The rejection at Nazareth
In the synagogue of His hometown Jesus read Isaiah's words about the Spirit-anointed preacher of good news and declared the Scripture fulfilled that day. The people marveled, then took offense at the carpenter's son, and in Luke's account tried to throw Him from the hill on which the town was built.
Open record
Old Testament threads 7
Promises and patterns in this chapter
Matthew 3:3 quotes Isaiah 40:3
Direct quotationHigh confidenceMatthew, Mark, and Luke all introduce John with Isaiah's voice calling in the wilderness to prepare the way for the Lord.
Mark 1:2 quotes Malachi 3:1
Direct quotationHigh confidenceMark opens with Malachi's promise of a messenger sent ahead to prepare the way, joined to Isaiah's voice in the next verse.
Evidence:Other responsible views
- Attribution to Isaiah: Mark introduces the combined quotation as written in Isaiah the prophet. Most readers take this as naming the better known of two joined sources, a common practice; the Malachi wording is not in doubt.
John the Baptist explicitly fulfills Malachi 4:5-6
Explicit fulfillmentHigh confidenceJesus says that John is the Elijah who was to come, and after the transfiguration the disciples understand His words about Elijah to mean John.
Other responsible views
- John's own denial: When asked directly, John said he was not Elijah (John 1:21). Most readers hold that he denied being Elijah in person while fulfilling Elijah's role, as Jesus said.
Matthew 4:4 quotes Deuteronomy 8:3
Direct quotationHigh confidenceJesus answers the first temptation with Moses's words about living by every word from the mouth of God.
Evidence:Matthew 4:15-16 quotes Isaiah 9:1-2
Direct quotationHigh confidenceMatthew quotes Isaiah's promise of light for Zebulun, Naphtali, and Galilee of the Gentiles when Jesus settles in Capernaum.
Evidence:Luke 4:18-19 quotes Isaiah 61:1-2
Direct quotationHigh confidenceIn the Nazareth synagogue Jesus reads Isaiah's words about the Spirit-anointed preacher of good news and the year of the Lord's favor.
Evidence:John 3:14-15 alludes to Numbers 21:8-9
Strong allusion or echoHigh confidenceJesus Himself draws the comparison: as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness so that the bitten might live, so the Son of Man must be lifted up so that believers may have eternal life.
Evidence:
Explore the layers
People, places, themes, and passages in this chapter
- Person
Herod Antipas
Herod Antipas, a son of Herod the Great, ruled Galilee and Perea as tetrarch during the ministry of Jesus. He imprisoned and executed John the Baptist, was curious and uneasy about Jesus, and in Luke's account questioned and mocked Him during the Passion before sending Him back to Pilate.
Focus this layer - Person
John the Baptist
John the Baptist was the prophet who preached repentance in the wilderness of Judea and baptized in the Jordan River. He identified Jesus as the Lamb of God, baptized Him, and was later imprisoned and executed by Herod Antipas.
Focus this layer - Place
Jordan River
The Jordan is the river that flows south from the foothills of Mount Hermon, through the Sea of Galilee, and on to the Dead Sea. Israel crossed it into the promised land under Joshua, and John the Baptist baptized in it, including the baptism of Jesus.
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Wilderness of Judea
The wilderness of Judea is the dry country east of Jerusalem falling toward the Jordan valley and the Dead Sea. John the Baptist preached there, and the Gospels place the forty days of Jesus's testing in the wilderness after His baptism.
Focus this layer - Theme
Repentance
Repentance is turning from sin back to God, a change of mind that shows itself in a changed life. The prophets called Israel to it, John the Baptist demanded fruit in keeping with it, and Jesus opened His ministry with the call to repent and believe the good news.
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The Kingdom of God
The Kingdom of God is God's active reign, promised through Israel's prophets and announced by Jesus as having come near in Himself. Jesus taught its character in parables, displayed it in healings, and said it would grow until His return.
Focus this layer - Passage
Isaiah 40:3
Open this Scripture reference and the relationships connected to it.
Focus this layer - Event
The boy Jesus in the temple
When Jesus was twelve, His family went up to Jerusalem for the Passover. On the way home His parents realized He was missing and found Him three days later in the temple courts, sitting among the teachers. Asked why, He replied that He had to be in His Father's house.
Focus this layer - Person
Jesus
Jesus of Nazareth is the center of the Christian faith and of FaithGraph. The Gospels present Him as the promised Messiah of Israel, the eternal Word made flesh, who taught, healed, was crucified under Pontius Pilate, rose bodily on the third day, and commissioned His followers to carry the good news to all nations.
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